主要(yao)的加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)設備是(shi)(shi)(shi):自(zi)(zi)動多頭連續研磨(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、金剛石(shi)校(xiao)平機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、橋式(shi)磨(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、圓盤磨(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、逆(ni)轉式(shi)粗磨(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、手(shou)扶(fu)磨(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。3、切(qie)(qie)(qie)斷(duan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)切(qie)(qie)(qie)斷(duan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用切(qie)(qie)(qie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)將毛(mao)板或(huo)拋光板按所(suo)需規(gui)格尺寸進行(xing)定(ding)形切(qie)(qie)(qie)割加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)。主要(yao)的加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)設備是(shi)(shi)(shi)縱向(xiang)多鋸片切(qie)(qie)(qie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、橫向(xiang)切(qie)(qie)(qie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、橋式(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、懸臂式(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、手(shou)搖切(qie)(qie)(qie)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)。4、鑿(zao)(zao)切(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)鑿(zao)(zao)切(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)傳統(tong)的加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)方法，通過(guo)楔裂、鑿(zao)(zao)打、劈剁(duo)、整修(xiu)、打磨(mo)等(deng)(deng)辦法將毛(mao)胚(pei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)成所(suo)需產品，其表面可以是(shi)(shi)(shi)菠(bo)蘿面、龍(long)眼面、荔枝面、自(zi)(zi)然面、蘑菇面、拉(la)溝面等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。鑿(zao)(zao)切(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)使用手(shou)工(gong)(gong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，像是(shi)(shi)(shi)錘、剁(duo)斧、鏨子、鑿(zao)(zao)子等(deng)(deng)，不過(guo)有些(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程可以使用機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)完成，重慶(qing)石(shi)材(cai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)主要(yao)設備是(shi)(shi)(shi)劈石(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、刨石(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、自(zi)(zi)動錘鑿(zao)(zao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、自(zi)(zi)動噴砂(sha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)。

這(zhe)便(bian)是飾(shi)面(mian)板(ban)巖(yan)(yan)不能做(zuo)瓦(wa)(wa)板(ban)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)理(li)由(you)，同理(li)，瓦(wa)(wa)板(ban)巖(yan)(yan)能夠(gou)作(zuo)飾(shi)面(mian)板(ban)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)理(li)由(you)就(jiu)很簡略理(li)解了(le)，只要把瓦(wa)(wa)板(ban)巖(yan)(yan)劈分的(de)(de)厚一點(dian)就(jiu)能夠(gou)滿意飾(shi)面(mian)板(ban)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)悉數(shu)需要了(le)。石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加工(gong)工(gong)具的(de)(de)現狀石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)是具有高(gao)硬(ying)度(du)、高(gao)脆(cui)性特點(dian)的(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料。隨著(zhu)科學(xue)技(ji)術(shu)和現代工(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)應用(yong)領域日(ri)益擴展(zhan)，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)開采量(liang)逐年增(zeng)加，如圖1—1所示(shi)。我國石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)過(guo)近(jin)20年的(de)(de)高(gao)速發(fa)展(zhan)，一躍(yue)成為在(zai)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)、消費量(liang)、貿易量(liang)均(jun)位于(yu)世(shi)界(jie)首位的(de)(de)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)大國。2008年石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)達2．23億平方千米，比2007年同比增(zeng)加了(le)27%。2005年以來，石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)以穩(wen)定的(de)(de)速度(du)增(zeng)長，其(qi)產(chan)(chan)品、工(gong)藝、設備技(ji)術(shu)含(han)量(liang)極大提高(gao)，大中型石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)企業(ye)(ye)不斷涌現，行(xing)業(ye)(ye)呈現強勁的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)勢頭(tou)，中國已成為名副(fu)其(qi)實(shi)的(de)(de)世(shi)界(jie)石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加工(gong)廠(chang)，重慶石(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加工(gong)發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢和前景(jing)看好(hao)。

一觀(guan)：肉眼觀(guan)察石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)結(jie)構石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)(hao)壞(huai)(huai)肉眼即(ji)能分辨，好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)細致光滑(hua)，質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙不(bu)(bu)平，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)呈(cheng)顆粒狀組合。此外，石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)邊緣也要(yao)仔細觀(guan)察，是(shi)否有缺(que)口，細微的(de)(de)(de)(de)裂痕等(deng)，對日后(hou)使用(yong)有著(zhu)不(bu)(bu)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)(xiang)。二量(liang)：量(liang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸規格在(zai)買(mai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)前，一定(ding)要(yao)先(xian)量(liang)好(hao)(hao)裝修尺寸，然后(hou)購買(mai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)時也要(yao)對石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)進(jin)行測量(liang)，一定(ding)要(yao)買(mai)合適(shi)尺寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)，以免后(hou)續石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)(bu)夠需要(yao)拼接，這樣(yang)極其(qi)(qi)影響(xiang)(xiang)美觀(guan)度。三聽：聽石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敲(qiao)擊(ji)聲(sheng)(sheng)音一般好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)敲(qiao)擊(ji)起來(lai)(lai)聲(sheng)(sheng)音十(shi)分清(qing)脆，原因是(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)質(zhi)(zhi)地均勻無裂隙；相反(fan)，質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)不(bu)(bu)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)敲(qiao)擊(ji)聲(sheng)(sheng)音相當粗啞，因其(qi)(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)地不(bu)(bu)勻且(qie)里面(mian)(mian)很可能存在(zai)裂隙。四(si)試(shi)：用(yong)簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方(fang)法(fa)來(lai)(lai)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)好(hao)(hao)壞(huai)(huai)墨水滴滲法(fa)是(shi)很常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)，將一小滴墨水滴在(zai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)背面(mian)(mian)，若深入石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)則說明石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)地不(bu)(bu)細致，是(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，反(fan)之(zhi)，若不(bu)(bu)能滲入則說面(mian)(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)較好(hao)(hao)。

孝感偉奇石材加工廠近年(nian)來(lai)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)作為石(shi)材(cai)開采和(he)(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)領頭國(guo)，生產(chan)240個品種(zhong)的(de)(de)花崗石(shi)，石(shi)材(cai)總產(chan)量約占世界的(de)(de)65%。在(zai)(zai)石(shi)材(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)，石(shi)材(cai)工(gong)(gong)具占有重要(yao)(yao)地位。石(shi)材(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)主要(yao)(yao)包括石(shi)材(cai)鋸割(ge)(ge)(ge)、石(shi)材(cai)磨(mo)削和(he)(he)石(shi)材(cai)拋(pao)光。石(shi)材(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)具主要(yao)(yao)采用(yong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)磨(mo)料(liao)和(he)(he)陶瓷磨(mo)料(liao)。在(zai)(zai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)，鋸切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)是(shi)機械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)一道工(gong)(gong)序，鋸切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)成本占整(zheng)個加(jia)工(gong)(gong)成本的(de)(de)50%以上。目前，石(shi)材(cai)等硬(ying)脆(cui)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)主要(yao)(yao)采用(yong)各(ge)種(zhong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)具。由于(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)是(shi)自然界已知的(de)(de)硬(ying)物質，其優異性能決定其在(zai)(zai)石(shi)材(cai)等硬(ying)脆(cui)材(cai)料(liao)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)領域具有廣闊的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)前景。應用(yong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)工(gong)(gong)具鋸切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)硬(ying)脆(cui)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方式主要(yao)(yao)有圓鋸片切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)帶鋸切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)框架鋸切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)串(chuan)珠繩(sheng)鋸切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)等。重慶石(shi)材(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)盡管(guan)每種(zhong)方法(fa)有不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)特點和(he)(he)應用(yong)范圍，但(dan)其切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)機理(li)(li)和(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)磨(mo)損機理(li)(li)卻大致相同(tong)。由于(yu)(yu)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)石(shi)材(cai)是(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)具主要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)用(yong)途(tu)，因此，深入研究石(shi)材(cai)鋸切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)機理(li)(li)和(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)具的(de)(de)磨(mo)損機理(li)(li)對于(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石(shi)切(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)(qie)割(ge)(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)具的(de)(de)合理(li)(li)制(zhi)造與正(zheng)確使用(yong)具有重要(yao)(yao)意義。

石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)之(zhi)前首要清潔石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)，使(shi)其(qi)清潔單調再(zai)用(yong)板刷（毛刷）或滾筒的(de)(de)方法對石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)反、正(zheng)面(mian)(mian)及(ji)四(si)立(li)面(mian)(mian)刷兩(liang)遍水溶性防滲(shen)劑(ji)。為獲得佳效果，應(ying)使(shi)一層徹底進入基材(cai)(cai)(cai)后（1-2小時(shi)）再(zai)刷二遍。做(zuo)完防滲(shen)處(chu)置起碼保護(hu)24小時(shi)后才華鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)。5、石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)時(shi)應(ying)留縫(feng)(feng)鋪(pu)貼(tie)（竹編馬賽克等在外）。6、為加強黏貼(tie)的(de)(de)健壯(zhuang)性及(ji)抗污(wu)性，建議運用(yong)粘結劑(ji)鋪(pu)貼(tie)。7、淡色石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)請(qing)(qing)運用(yong)淡色填(tian)逢(feng)(feng)劑(ji)。8、板巖類石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)是運用(yong)分外剝離技能制(zhi)成，所以(yi)每片之(zhi)間存在薄厚不(bu)(bu)均表(biao)(biao)象(xiang)。因其(qi)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)較(jiao)粗糙，填(tian)逢(feng)(feng)之(zhi)間請(qing)(qing)用(yong)軟布在表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)抹(mo)擦少量食用(yong)油(you)再(zai)填(tian)逢(feng)(feng)，以(yi)便于收拾(shi)填(tian)逢(feng)(feng)劑(ji)。注：填(tian)逢(feng)(feng)時(shi)要邊填(tian)邊用(yong)濕(shi)毛巾擦，不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)大面(mian)(mian)積鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)后再(zai)擦。9、砂巖產品表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)沙(sha)孔較(jiao)多(duo)，填(tian)縫(feng)(feng)之(zhi)前運用(yong)寬膠(jiao)帶對穩(wen)中有降縫(feng)(feng)和周圍進行(xing)貼(tie)蓋，然(ran)后把縫(feng)(feng)隙處(chu)的(de)(de)膠(jiao)帶割開后再(zai)填(tian)縫(feng)(feng)，避免填(tian)縫(feng)(feng)劑(ji)黏于石(shi)(shi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)收拾(shi)。